Ngokukhula okusheshayo kwemakethe yezibani ze-LED, ukuqinisekiswa komkhiqizo sekungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekungeneni kwemakethe yamazwe omhlaba.
Isitifiketi sokukhanyisa kwe-LED sihlanganisa isethi yemithetho kanye namazinga aklanyelwe ngokukhethekileUkukhanya kwe-LEDimikhiqizo okumele ihambisane nayo. Isibani se-LED esiqinisekisiwe sibonisa ukuthi siphumelele zonke izindinganiso zokuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukuphepha kanye nokumaketha embonini yokukhanyisa. Lokhu kubalulekile kubakhiqizi bezibani ze-LED nabathumela ngaphandle. Lesi sihloko sizohlinzeka ngesethulo esinemininingwane yezitifiketi ezidingekayo zamalambu e-LED ezimakethe ezahlukene.
Isidingo sesitifiketi sokukhanya kwe-LED
Emhlabeni jikelele, amazwe abeke phambili izidingo eziqinile mayelana nokuphepha, ukusebenza nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwamalambu e-LED. Ngokuthola isitifiketi, ngeke kuqinisekiswe izinga nokuphepha kwemikhiqizo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokufinyelela kwayo okushelelayo emakethe yomhlaba.
Okulandelayo yizizathu ezimbalwa ezibalulekile zesitifiketi sesibani se-LED:
1. Qinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo
Izibani ze-LED zibandakanya ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obufana nogesi, optical kanye nokushisa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ukuqinisekisa kungaqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemikhiqizo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa futhi kugweme izimo eziyingozi njengamasekethe amafushane nokushisa ngokweqile.
2. Hlangana nezidingo zokufinyelela emakethe
Amazwe ahlukene nezifunda zinamazinga azo omkhiqizo kanye nezidingo zokulawula. Ngokunikezwa isitifiketi, imikhiqizo ingangena ngokushelela emakethe eqondiwe futhi igweme ukuboshwa noma izinhlawulo ngenxa yokungathobeli izimfuneko.
3. Thuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo
Isitifiketi siwubufakazi bekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Amalambu e-LED athole isitifiketi samazwe ngamazwe maningi amathuba okuthi azuze ukwethenjwa ngabathengi namakhasimende athengisayo, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukuqwashisa ngomkhiqizo kanye nokuncintisana kwezimakethe.
Izinhlobo Zesitifiketi Esijwayelekile Sokukhanya kwe-LED
1. Isitifiketi se-CE (EU)
Isitifiketi se-CE "ipasipoti" yokungena emakethe ye-EU. I-EU inezidingo eziqinile mayelana nokuphepha, ezempilo kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwemikhiqizo engenisiwe. Umaki we-CE ufakazela ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo zemiyalo ehambisanayo ye-EU.
Amazinga asebenzayo: Izindinganiso zesitifiketi se-CE sezibani ze-LED ikakhulukazi i-Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) kanye ne-Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC 2014/30/EU).
Isidingo: Kuyisidingo esiyisibopho semakethe ye-EU. Imikhiqizo engenaso isitifiketi se-CE ayikwazi ukuthengiswa ngokusemthethweni.
2. Isitifiketi se-RoHS (EU)
Isitifiketi se-RoHS silawula ikakhulukazi izinto eziyingozi emikhiqizweni kagesi nekagesi, siqinisekisa ukuthi izibani ze-LED azinawo amakhemikhali ayingozi afana nomthofu, i-mercury, i-cadmium, njll. aweqa imikhawulo ebekiwe.
Amazinga asebenzayo: I-RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) ikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi.
Ukuhola (Pb)
I-Mercury (Hg)
I-Cadmium (Cd)
I-hexavalent chromium (Cr6+)
I-Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)
I-Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
Izidingo zokuvikela imvelo: Lesi sitifiketi sihambisana nethrendi yomhlaba wonke yokuvikelwa kwemvelo, sinciphisa umthelela omubi endaweni ezungezile, futhi sinomthelela omuhle esithombeni somkhiqizo.
3. Isitifiketi se-UL (USA)
Isitifiketi se-UL siyahlolwa futhi sikhishwe i-Underwriters Laboratories e-United States ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha komkhiqizo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izibani ze-LED ngeke zibangele izinkinga zikagesi noma umlilo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
Amazinga asebenzayo: UL 8750 (okujwayelekile kumadivayisi e-LED).
Isidingo: Nakuba isitifiketi se-UL singaphoqelekile e-United States, ukuthola lesi sitifiketi kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana nokwethembeka kwemikhiqizo emakethe yase-US.
4. Isitifiketi se-FCC (USA)
Isitifiketi se-FCC (Federal Communications Commission) sisebenza kuyo yonke imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi efaka ukukhishwa kwamagagasi kagesi, okuhlanganisa nezibani ze-LED. Lesi sitifiketi siqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic komkhiqizo futhi akuphazamisi ukusebenza okuvamile kwamanye amadivaysi kagesi.
Izinga elisebenzayo: Ingxenye 15 ye-FCC.
Isidingo: Izibani ze-LED ezithengiswa e-United States kumele zibe nesitifiketi se-FCC, ikakhulukazi amalambu e-LED anomsebenzi wokufiphalisa.
5. Isitifiketi Senkanyezi Yamandla (e-USA)
I-Energy Star iyisitifiketi sokonga ugesi esikhuthazwa ngokuhlanganyela yi-US Environmental Protection Agency kanye noMnyango Wezamandla, ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni yokonga ugesi. Amalambu e-LED athole isitifiketi se-Energy Star anganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, onge izindleko zikagesi, futhi abe nempilo ende yesevisi.
Amazinga asebenzayo: I-Energy Star SSL V2.1 ejwayelekile.
Izinzuzo zemakethe: Imikhiqizo ephumelele isitifiketi se-Energy Star ithandeka kakhulu emakethe ngoba abathengi bathambekele kakhulu ekuthengeni imikhiqizo eyonga amandla.
6. Isitifiketi se-CCC (eShayina)
I-CCC (China Compulsory Certification) yisitifiketi esiyimpoqo semakethe yaseShayina, esihlose ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuhambisana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwemikhiqizo. Yonke imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi engena emakethe yaseShayina, okuhlanganisa nezibani ze-LED, kufanele iphumelele isitifiketi se-CCC.
Amazinga asebenzayo: GB7000.1-2015 namanye amazinga.
Isidingo: Imikhiqizo engakasitholi isitifiketi se-CCC ayikwazi ukuthengiswa emakethe yase-China futhi izobhekana nesibopho sezomthetho.
7. Isitifiketi se-SAA (Australia)
Isitifiketi se-SAA siyisitifiketi esiyisibopho e-Australia sokuphepha kwemikhiqizo kagesi. Amalambu e-LED athole isitifiketi se-SAA angangena ngokusemthethweni emakethe yase-Australia.
Amazinga asebenzayo: AS/NZS 60598 standard.
8. Isitifiketi se-PSE (e-Japan)
I-PSE iyisitifiketi esiyisibopho sokulawula ukuphepha e-Japan semikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kagesi efana nezibani ze-LED. I-JET Corporation ikhipha lesi sitifiketi ngokuvumelana noMthetho Wokuphepha Kwemikhiqizo Kagesi Yase-Japan (Umthetho we-DENAN).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitifiketi siqondene ngqo nezinto zikagesi ezifana nezibani ze-LED ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yazo ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zase-Japan. Inqubo yesitifiketi ibandakanya ukuhlolwa okuqinile nokuhlolwa kwezibani ze-LED ukuze kukale ukusebenza kwazo nemingcele yokuphepha.
9. Isitifiketi se-CSA (Canada)
Isitifiketi se-CSA sihlinzekwa yi-Canadian Standards Association, inhlangano elawulayo yase-Canadian. Le nhlangano elawulayo eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke igxile ekuhloleni umkhiqizo kanye nokubeka amazinga emikhiqizo yemboni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitifiketi se-CSA akulona uhlelo lokulawula oludingekayo ukuze izibani ze-LED ziqhubeke nokusebenza embonini, kodwa abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuhlola ngokuzithandela izibani zabo ze-LED ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi bayahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zemboni. Lesi sitifiketi singakhuphula ukwethembeka kwezibani ze-LED embonini.
10. ERP (EU)
Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-ErP futhi kuyindinganiso yokulawula ebekwe yi-European Union ngemikhiqizo yokukhanyisa i-diode ekhipha ukukhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sitifiketi siklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukukhuthaza ukusimama kwemvelo nokusebenza kahle kwamandla ezigabeni zokuklama nezokukhiqiza zayo yonke imikhiqizo edla amandla, njengezibani ze-LED. Umthetho we-ErP ubeka amazinga okusebenza adingekayo ukuze amalambu e-LED aphile embonini.
11. GS
Isitifiketi se-GS siyisitifiketi sokuphepha. Isitifiketi se-GS yisitifiketi sokuphepha esaziwa kabanzi samalambu e-LED emazweni ase-Europe njengeJalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iwuhlelo oluzimele lokulawula isitifiketi oluqinisekisa ukuthi izibani ze-LED kufanele zihlangabezane namazinga nezimfuneko zemboni.
Isibani se-LED esinesitifiketi se-GS sibonisa ukuthi sihloliwe futhi sithobela yonke imihlahlandlela nemithetho yokuphepha. Ifakazela ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-LED kudlule esigabeni sokuhlola okuqinile futhi kuthobelana nezindinganiso zokuphepha eziyisibopho. Isitifiketi sihlanganisa izici ezihlukahlukene zokuphepha ezifana nokuzinza kwemishini, ukuphepha kukagesi, nokuvikelwa emlilweni, ukushisa ngokweqile, nokushaqeka kukagesi.
12. VDE
Isitifiketi se-VDE siyisitifiketi esihlonishwayo nesidumile sezibani ze-LED. Isitifiketi sigcizelela ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-LED kuthobelana nemithetho yekhwalithi nezokuphepha yamazwe ase-Europe, okuhlanganisa ne-Germany. I-VDE iyindikimba elawulayo ezimele ehlola futhi ikhiphe izitifiketi zemikhiqizo kagesi neyokukhanyisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibani ze-LED eziqinisekiswe nge-VDE zihlolwa ngokucophelela kanye nesigaba sokuhlola ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zihlangabezana nekhwalithi, ukusebenza, namazinga okuphepha.
13. BS
Isitifiketi se-BS yisitifiketi samalambu e-LED esikhishwe yi-BSI. Lesi sitifiketi siqondiswe ngokukhethekile ukuthobela Amazinga e-British ngokusebenza, ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yokukhanya e-United Kingdom. Lesi sitifiketi se-BS sihlanganisa izici zesibani se-LED ezihlukene njengomthelela wendawo, ukuphepha kukagesi kanye namazinga okusebenza.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhanya kwe-LED akusona nje kuphela isithiyo sokungena emikhiqizweni engena emakethe, kodwa futhi kuyisiqinisekiso sekhwalithi nokuphepha komkhiqizo. Amazwe ahlukene nezifunda zinezidingo zezitifiketi ezihlukene zamalambu e-LED. Lapho bethuthukisa futhi bethengisa imikhiqizo, abakhiqizi kufanele bakhethe isitifiketi esifanele ngokusekelwe emithethweni namazinga emakethe eqondiwe. Emakethe yomhlaba, ukuthola isitifiketi akusizi nje kuphela ukuthobela umkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuncintisana komkhiqizo nesithunzi somkhiqizo, ukubeka isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi eside kwenkampani.
Ncoma Ukufunda
Uma Usebhizinisini, Ungase Uthande
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-07-2024