Quality Standards and Certification of Outdoor Lighting in B2B Procurement

Emhlabeni wokuncintisana wokuthengwa kwe-B2B, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha kweukukhanya kwangaphandleimikhiqizo ibalulekile kubo bobabili abahlinzeki kanye nabathengi. Ukukhanyisa kwangaphandle kwekhwalithi ephezulu akugcini nje ngokubonisa ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ekwenzeni okuhle kodwa futhi kuyisici esibalulekile ekuqiniseni isikhathi eside, ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuze enze izinqumo zokuthenga enolwazi, amabhizinisi kufanele aqaphele amazinga afanele wekhwalithi kanye nezitifiketi.

1. Kungani Amazinga Ekhwalithi Abalulekile Ekuthengeni I-B2B

Izindinganiso zekhwalithi zisebenza njengezilinganiso zokuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa ngaphandle ihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile ezihlobene nokuphepha, ukuqina, ukonga kwamandla, nomthelela wemvelo. Kubathengi be-B2B, ukunamathela kulawa mazinga kubalulekile ku:

·Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza: Ukuthobela imithetho yezokuphepha kusiza ukugwema ukungasebenzi kahle komkhiqizo kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona ezindaweni ezingaphandle.
·Ukucaciswa kwephrojekthi yomhlanganos: Amafemu onjiniyela, abaklami, nosonkontileka bavame ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwemihlahlandlela eqinile, futhi imikhiqizo kufanele ihambisane nalawa mazinga.
·Ukunciphisa izindleko zokunakekela: Ukukhanyisa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kunciphisa ukulungiswa nokushintshwa, okuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
·Ukuthuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo: Ukuthola okuvela kubakhiqizi abanamathela ngokuqinile ezindinganisweni kuqinisa ukuthembela kukhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuthembeka.

2. Izitifiketi Ezibalulekile Zokukhanyisa Kwangaphandle

Abathengi be-B2B kufanele baqaphele izitifiketi ezihlukahlukene eziqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe noma zesifunda. Ngezansi ezinye zezitifiketi ezaziwa kakhulu:

Isitifiketi se-CE (Conformité Européenne)
Umaki we-CE uyimpoqo emikhiqizweni ethengiswa e-European Economic Area (EEA). Kubonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha, ezempilo, nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwe-European Union (EU). Ngokukhanyisa kwangaphandle, lokhu kuhlanganisa:
Ukuphepha kukagesi
Ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic
Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla

I-UL Certification (Underwriters Laboratories)
Isitifiketi se-UL saziwa kabanzi e-United States naseCanada. Imikhiqizo emaka i-UL ihlolelwa ukuphepha nokusebenza, iqinisekisa ukuthi ihambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zikagesi zaseNyakatho Melika. Kubandakanya ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwe:
Izingozi zomlilo
Ukuvimbela ukushaqeka kukagesi
Ukuqina ngaphansi kwezimo zangaphandle

I-ROHS (Umkhawulo Wezinto Eziyingozi)
Umyalelo we-ROHS ukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithile eziyingozi, njengomthofu ne-mercury, emikhiqizweni kagesi neye-elekthronikhi. Ukuthobela i-ROHS kubalulekile kubathengi abakhathalela imvelo futhi kusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi ahambisane nezinjongo zokusimama komhlaba.

Isilinganiso se-IP (Isilinganiselwa Sokuvikelwa Kwe-Ingress)
Ukukhanyisa kwangaphandle kumele kumelane nothuli, umswakama, nesimo sezulu. Isistimu yokulinganisa ye-IP isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izinga lokuvikela okunikezwayo kwesakhiwo. Isibonelo, ukukhanya okulinganiselwe kwe-IP65 akuqinile uthuli futhi kuvikelwe kumajethi amanzi, okuyenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle. Ukuqonda izilinganiso ze-IP kusiza abathengi bakhethe ukukhanya okungamelana nezidingo zemvelo zendawo yephrojekthi yabo.

Isitifiketi Senkanyezi Yamandla
I-Energy Star iwuhlelo lokunikeza isitifiketi oluhlonza imikhiqizo eyonga amandla. Ukukhanyisa okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-Energy Star kusebenzisa amandla amancane, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa izindleko zamandla. Lesi sitifiketi sibaluleke kakhulu kumabhizinisi afuna izixazululo zokukhanyisa ezizinzile ezithobela imithetho yemvelo.

3. Amazinga Okusebenza Nokuqina

isikhukhukazi sikhetha ukukhanya kwangaphandle, abathengi be-B2B kufanele bagxile ekuqineni nasezindinganisweni ezihlobene nokusebenza. Indawo yangaphandle iveza izinto zokukhanyisa ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa amazinga okushisa aphezulu, imvula, nemisebe ye-UV. Izici zokusebenza ezibalulekile zifaka:

·Ukumelana Nokugqwala: Izinto ezifana ne-aluminium nensimbi engagqwali ngokuvamile zihlangabezana namazinga aphezulu okumelana nokugqwala, okunweba ubude bempilo bokukhanya kwangaphandle.
·Ukumelana ne-UV: Izingubo ezimelana ne-UV zivikela izinto zokukhanyisa ekufiphaleni nasekonakaleni okubangelwa ukuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside.
·Ukumelana Nomthelela: Ezindaweni ezijwayele ukulimala ngokomzimba noma ukucekelwa phansi kwempahla, abathengi kufanele babheke izibani ezinokumelana nomthelela ophezulu, njengezilinganiso ze-IK (ukuvikelwa komthelela).

4. Izitifiketi Zemvelo Nokusimama

Njengoba ukusimama kuba yingqikithi yokugxila emabhizinisini amaningi, izitifiketi zemvelo ziya ngokuya zisebenza. Abathengi kufanele bafune imikhiqizo enezitifiketi ezibonisa ukuzibophezela ekusimameni nasekuziphatheni okuvumelana nemvelo.

I-LEED (Ubuholi Kwezamandla Nokwakhiwa Kwemvelo)
Isitifiketi se-LEED siklonyeliswa ezakhiweni ezonga ugesi nezibhekele imvelo. Nakuba i-LEED ngokuyinhloko ihlola zonke izakhiwo, ukukhanya kwangaphandle okufaka isandla ekongeni amandla kanye nomthelela oncishisiwe wemvelo kungasekela amaphuzu e-LEED.

Isitifiketi se-ISO 14001
Leli zinga lamazwe ngamazwe libeka imibandela yohlelo lokuphathwa kwemvelo olusebenzayo (EMS). Abakhiqizi abathola isitifiketi se-ISO 14001 bakhombisa ukuzibophezela kwabo ekwehliseni umthelela kwezemvelo, baqinisekise ukuthi imikhiqizo ikhiqizwa ngendlela ebhekele imvelo.

5. Ukuqinisekisa Ukuthobelana Ekuthengeni I-B2B

Kubathengi abasesikhaleni se-B2B, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa yangaphandle abayithengayo ithobela izindinganiso nezitifiketi ezifanele. Lokhu kungenziwa ngu:

·Icela amadokhumenti: Cela njalo imibhalo yesitifiketi kubakhiqizi noma kubahlinzeki bempahla ukuze uqinisekise ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho.
·Imibiko yokuhlola: Amanye amaphrojekthi angase adinge ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, ngakho-ke cela imibiko yokuhlolwa komkhiqizo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukukhanya kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza nezokuphepha.
·Ukuvakashelwa kwesayithi nokuhlolwa kwamabhuku: Kumaphrojekthi amakhulu noma abalulekile, kungase kube usizo ukuvakashela isayithi noma ukucwaninga okuvela eceleni ukuze kuhlolwe inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi.

6. Iqhaza Lokwenza Ngokwezifiso Emazingeni Omhlangano

Kumakhasimende amaningi e-B2B, ukwenza ngokwezifiso kubalulekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqondene nephrojekthi. Abakhiqizi kufanele bavumelane nezimo ekunikezeni imiklamo yangokwezifiso kuyilapho beqinisekisa ukuthi noma yimuphi umkhiqizo oshintshiwe ugcina ukuthobelana nezitifiketi ezidingekayo. Ukuthi ukulungisa izilinganiso ze-IP, ukulungisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, noma ukunikezela ngezinto ezithile, izixazululo zokukhanyisa ngokwezifiso kusafanele zihambisane nazo zonke izindinganiso zekhwalithi ezifanele.

Izindinganiso zekhwalithi nezitifiketi zibalulekile ekuthengeni kwe-B2B kokukhanyisa kwangaphandle. Ngokuqonda nokubeka phambili izitifiketi ezifana ne-CE, UL, ROHS, izilinganiso ze-IP, kanye ne-Energy Star, amabhizinisi angaqinisekisa ukuthi athola imikhiqizo yokukhanyisa yekhwalithi ephezulu, ephephile, nehlala isikhathi eside. Ngale kokuthobela, abathengi kufanele futhi bacabangele ukusebenza nezitifiketi zemvelo ukuze basekele ukonga kwezindleko zesikhathi eside, ukuqina, kanye nezinjongo zokusimama. Emakethe encintisana ngokwandayo, ukukhetha imikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe kuthuthukisa imiphumela yephrojekthi futhi kuqinisa ubudlelwano bebhizinisi, kuqinisa ukwethembana kukho kokubili umkhiqizo kanye nomphakeli.

Lolu lwazi aluqinisekisi nje kuphela inqubo engcono yokuthengwa kwempahla kodwa futhi luhambisana nezimo zemboni ezithuthukayo kanye nezidingo zokulawula umhlaba wonke.

Singumkhiqizi ochwepheshe kakhulu wokukhanyisa kwangaphandle e-China. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthengisa noma ungokwezifiso, singahlangabezana nezidingo zakho.