Ngokukhula okukhawulezayo kwemarike yesibane se-LED, ukuqinisekiswa kwemveliso kuye kwaba yenye yezinto eziphambili ekungeneni kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhanyisa kwe-LED kubandakanya isethi yemigaqo kunye nemigangatho ephuhliswe ngokukodwaUkukhanya kwe-LEDiimveliso ukuthobela. Isibane se-LED esiqinisekisiweyo sibonisa ukuba siphumelele yonke imigangatho yokuyila, ukuvelisa, ukhuseleko kunye nentengiso yoshishino lokukhanyisa. Oku kubalulekile kubavelisi bezibane ze-LED kunye nabathumela ngaphandle. Eli nqaku liza kunika isingeniso esicacileyo kwiziqinisekiso ezifunekayo kwizibane ze-LED kwiimarike ezahlukeneyo.
Imfuneko yesiQinisekiso sokuKhanya kwe-LED
Ehlabathini lonke, amazwe abeke phambili iimfuno ezingqongqo kukhuseleko, ukusebenza kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kwezibane ze-LED. Ngokufumana isatifikethi, akunakuqinisekiswa kuphela umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lweemveliso, kodwa kunye nokufikelela kwazo okugudileyo kwimarike yehlabathi.
Oku kulandelayo zizathu ezininzi eziphambili zesiqinisekiso sesibane se-LED:
1. Qinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso
Izibane ze-LED zibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwepheshe ezifana nombane, i-optical and heat dissipation ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ukuqinisekiswa kunokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweemveliso ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwaye ugweme iimeko ezinobungozi ezifana neesekethe ezimfutshane kunye nokushisa.
2. Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokufikelela kwimarike
Amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye neengingqi zinemigangatho yazo yemveliso kunye neemfuno zolawulo. Ngokusebenzisa isatifikethi, iimveliso zinokungena ngokutyibilikayo kwimarike ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye ziphephe ukuvalelwa okanye izohlwayo ngenxa yokungahambelani neemfuno.
3. Ukuphucula isidima sohlobo
Ukuqinisekiswa bubungqina bomgangatho wemveliso. Izibane ze-LED ezifumene isatifikethi samazwe ngamazwe kunokwenzeka ukuba ziphumelele ukuthembela kubathengi kunye nabathengi bezorhwebo, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ulwazi lophawu kunye nokhuphiswano lwemarike.
Iindidi zeSatifikethi soMbane oqhelekileyo we-LED
1. Isiqinisekiso seCE (EU)
Isatifikethi se-CE yi "passport" yokungena kwimarike ye-EU. I-EU ineemfuno ezingqongqo kukhuseleko, impilo kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kweemveliso ezivela kumazwe angaphandle. Uphawu lwe-CE lungqina ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko zemiyalelo ye-EU ehambelanayo.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: Imigangatho yesiqinisekiso se-CE kwizibane ze-LED ikakhulu yi-Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) kunye ne-Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC 2014/30/EU).
Imfuneko: Yimfuno enyanzelekileyo yemarike ye-EU. Iimveliso ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso seCE azikwazi ukuthengiswa ngokusemthethweni.
2. Isiqinisekiso se-RoHS (EU)
Isatifikethi se-RoHS silawula ikakhulu izinto eziyingozi kwiimveliso zombane nezombane, siqinisekisa ukuba izibane ze-LED azinazo iikhemikhali eziyingozi ezifana nelothe, i-mercury, i-cadmium, njl. njl. ezidlula imida echaziweyo.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: I-RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) ithintela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinobungozi.
Khokela (Pb)
IMercury (Hg)
I-Cadmium (Cd)
Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+)
Iibiphenyls ezinePolybrominated (PBBs)
Iipolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
Iimfuno zokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo: Esi satifikethi sihambelana nendlela yokukhuselwa kwendalo yehlabathi, ukunciphisa impembelelo embi kwindalo, kwaye kunempembelelo entle kumfanekiso we-brand.
3. Isiqinisekiso se-UL (e-USA)
Isiqinisekiso se-UL sivavanywa kwaye sikhutshwe yi-Underwriters Laboratories e-United States ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba izibane ze-LED aziyi kubangela iingxaki zombane okanye umlilo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: UL 8750 (umgangatho wezixhobo ze-LED).
Imfuneko: Nangona isatifikethi se-UL singesosinyanzelo e-United States, ukufumana esi satifikethi kunceda ukomeleza ukhuphiswano kunye nokuthembeka kweemveliso kwimarike yaseMelika.
4. Isiqinisekiso seFCC (eUSA)
Isiqinisekiso se-FCC (iKhomishini yoNxibelelwano lwe-Federal) sisebenza kuzo zonke iimveliso zombane ezibandakanya ukukhutshwa kwamaza ombane, kuquka izibane ze-LED. Esi satifikethi siqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic yemveliso kwaye akuphazamisani nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezinye izixhobo zombane.
Umgangatho osebenzayo: iFCC iSigaba se-15.
Imfuneko: Izibane ze-LED ezithengiswa e-United States kufuneka zibe nesiqinisekiso se-FCC, ngakumbi izibane ze-LED ezinomsebenzi wokukhanya.
5. ISatifikethi seNkwenkwezi yaMandla (e-USA)
I-Energy Star sisiqinisekiso sokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla esikhuthazwa ngokudibeneyo yi-Arhente yoKhuseleko lweNdalo yase-US kunye neSebe lezaMandla, ikakhulu kwiimveliso zokonga umbane. Izibane ze-LED ezifumene isatifikethi se-Energy Star zinokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, zonge iindleko zombane, kwaye zibe nobomi obude benkonzo.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: I-Energy Star SSL V2.1 umgangatho.
Iinzuzo zentengiso: Iimveliso eziphumelele isiqinisekiso se-Energy Star zinomtsalane ngakumbi kwimarike kuba abathengi bathambekele ekuthengeni iimveliso ezonga amandla.
6. Isiqinisekiso seCCC (eTshayina)
I-CCC (iSiqinisekiso esiSinyanzelo saseTshayina) sisiqinisekiso esisisinyanzelo kwimarike yaseTshayina, ejolise ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, ukuthotyelwa nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kweemveliso. Zonke iimveliso ze-elektroniki ezingena kwimarike yaseTshayina, kubandakanywa nezibane ze-LED, kufuneka zidlule isatifikethi seCCC.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: GB7000.1-2015 kunye neminye imigangatho.
Imfuneko: Iimveliso ezingasifumananga isatifikethi se-CCC azinakuthengiswa kwimarike yaseTshayina kwaye ziya kujongana noxanduva olusemthethweni.
7. Isiqinisekiso se-SAA (e-Australia)
Isiqinisekiso se-SAA sisiqinisekiso esisisinyanzelo e-Australia sokhuseleko lweemveliso zombane. Izibane ze-LED ezifumene isiqinisekiso se-SAA zinokungena ngokusemthethweni kwimarike yase-Australia.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: AS/NZS 60598 standard.
8. Isiqinisekiso se-PSE (eJapan)
I-PSE sisiqinisekiso somgaqo wokhuseleko esisisinyanzelo eJapan kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zombane ezifana nezibane ze-LED. I-JET Corporation ikhupha esi satifikethi ngokuhambelana noMthetho woKhuseleko lweeMveliso zoMbane waseJapan (uMthetho we-DENAN).
Ukongeza, esi satifikethi senzelwe ngokukodwa izixhobo zombane ezifana nezibane ze-LED ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wazo ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwaseJapan. Inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ibandakanya ukuvavanywa okungqongqo kunye novavanyo lwezibane ze-LED ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwazo kunye neeparamitha zokhuseleko.
9. Isiqinisekiso seCSA (eCanada)
Isatifikethi se-CSA sinikezelwa yiCanadian Standards Association, iqumrhu elilawulayo laseCanada. Eli qumrhu lilawulayo elaziwa kumazwe ngamazwe lisebenza ngokukodwa kuvavanyo lwemveliso kunye nokumisela imigangatho yemveliso yoshishino.
Ukongeza, isatifikethi se-CSA asiyonkqubo yolawulo eyimfuneko ukuze izibane ze-LED ziphile kushishino, kodwa abavelisi banokuzivavanya ngokuzithandela izibane zabo ze-LED ukuze baqinisekise ukuba bayahlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko lweshishini. Esi satifikethi sinokunyusa ukuthembeka kwezibane ze-LED kwishishini.
10. ERP (EU)
Isiqinisekiso se-ErP sikwangumgangatho olawulayo osekwe yiManyano yaseYurophu kwiimveliso zokukhanyisa zediode ezikhupha ukukhanya. Ngaphezu koko, esi satifikethi senzelwe ngokukodwa ukukhuthaza ukuzinza kokusingqongileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kuyilo kunye nezigaba zokwenziwa kwazo zonke iimveliso ezisebenzisa amandla, njengezibane ze-LED. Ummiselo we-ErP ubeka imigangatho yokusebenza eyimfuneko ukuze izibane ze-LED ziphile kwishishini.
11. GS
Isiqinisekiso se-GS sisiqinisekiso sokhuseleko. Isiqinisekiso se-GS sisiqinisekiso sokhuseleko esaziwa ngokubanzi kwizibane ze-LED kumazwe aseYurophu afana neJamani. Ukongezelela, yinkqubo yokuqinisekisa yolawulo oluzimeleyo eqinisekisa ukuba izibane ze-LED kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho yoshishino kunye neemfuno.
Isibane se-LED esinesatifikethi se-GS sibonisa ukuba ivavanyiwe kwaye ihambelana nazo zonke izikhokelo kunye nemimiselo yokhuseleko. Ingqina ukuba ukukhanya kwe-LED kudlule kwisigaba sovavanyo olungqongqo kwaye kuhambelana nemigangatho enyanzelekileyo yokhuseleko. Isatifikethi sibandakanya imiba yokhuseleko eyahlukeneyo efana nokuzinza komatshini, ukhuseleko lombane, kunye nokukhuselwa emlilweni, ukufudumeza, kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane.
12. VDE
Isatifikethi se-VDE sesona siqinisekiso sihloniphekileyo nesidumileyo kwizibane ze-LED. Isatifikethi sigxininisa ukuba ukukhanya kwe-LED kuhambelana nomgangatho kunye nemimiselo yokhuseleko lwamazwe aseYurophu, kuquka iJamani. I-VDE liqumrhu elizimeleyo elilawulayo elivavanyayo lize likhuphe izatifikethi zeemveliso zombane kunye nezibane.
Ukongeza, izibane ze-LED eziqinisekisiweyo nge-VDE zivavanywa ngokungqongqo kunye nenqanaba lovavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana nomgangatho, ukusebenza kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko.
13. BS
Isiqinisekiso se-BS sisiqinisekiso sezibane ze-LED esikhutshwe yi-BSI. Esi satifikethi senzelwe ukuthotyelwa kweMigangatho yaseBritane yokusebenza, ukhuseleko kunye nomgangatho wokukhanya eUnited Kingdom. Esi satifikethi se-BS sigubungela izinto ezahlukeneyo zesibane se-LED njengempembelelo yokusingqongileyo, ukhuseleko lombane kunye nemigangatho yokusetyenziswa.
Ukuqinisekiswa kokukhanya kwe-LED akukona nje umqobo wokungena kwiimveliso zokungena kwimarike, kodwa kunye nesiqinisekiso somgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko. Amazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nemimandla ineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa izibane ze-LED. Xa bevelisa kwaye bethengisa iimveliso, abavelisi kufuneka bakhethe isiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo esisekwe kwimithetho kunye nemigangatho yemarike ekujoliswe kuyo. Kwimarike yehlabathi, ukufumana isatifikethi akuncedi kuphela ukuthotyelwa kwemveliso, kodwa kukwaphucula ukukhuphisana kwemveliso kunye nodumo lophawu, ukubeka isiseko esiluqilima sophuhliso lwexesha elide lwenkampani.
Cebisa ukuFunda
Ukuba ukwishishini, unokuthanda
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-07-2024