Isibane seBamboo, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-bamboo, into ekhethekileyo eyenziwe kuyo, ukwenzela ukuba ibe neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenzuzo ze-bamboo, ezihlala zihlala, zilula, ziguquguqukayo. Akunjalo kuphela izibane ze-chandelier, kodwa kunye nobugcisa obuhle. Ukukhethwa kwe-bamboo njengento eluhlaza yokwenza izibane kunye nezibane zihambelana kakhulu nokusingqongileyo. Uyilo lweisibane se-bambooidibanisa ubugcisa bezandla baseTshayina, banamhlanje kunye nemveli, bubhetyebhetye ngakumbi, umaleko owahlukileyo, isiphumo sobugcisa, kwaye izisa abantu izinto ezimangalisayo ezingalindelekanga.
Imvelaphi yethu yokuluka iBamboo
Ngokutsho kwedatha ye-archaeological, emva kokuba abantu beqalise ukuhlala phantsi, babandakanyeka kulimo olulula kunye nemveliso yemfuyo, kwaye xa kukho intsalela encinci yerayisi kunye nombona kunye nokutya kokuzingela, babegcina ukutya kunye namanzi okusela kwiimfuno zamaxesha athile. Ngeli xesha, basebenzisa ama-axes amatye ahlukeneyo, iimela zamatye kunye nezinye izixhobo zokusika amasebe ezityalo kwaye bawafake kwiibhaskithi, iibhasikithi kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ngokwesiqhelo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-bamboo yomile, ikrwada, iyaqhekeka, ilastiki kwaye yomelele, kwaye inokulukwa ngokulula, yomelele kwaye yomelele. Ngaloo ndlela, i-bamboo yaba yinto ephambili yokulungiswa kweenqanawa ngelo xesha.
Iingqayi zaseTshayina zaqala ngexesha le-Neolithic, kwaye ukubunjwa kwayo kwakunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokulungiswa kwe-bamboo. Ookhokho bengaqondanga bafumanisa ukuba izitya ezigqunywe ngodongwe zazingenakungena lula emanzini yaye zazinokuluthwala emva kokuba zitshiswe ngumlilo. Ngoko ingobozi eyenziwe nge-bamboo kunye ne-rattan yayisetyenziswa njengomzekelo, emva koko ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwebhaskithi yaqatywa ngodongwe ukwenza i-bamboo kunye ne-rattan-tired taupe. Yabhakwa emlilweni ukwenza izitya. Kamva, xa abantu benza iindidi ngeendidi zeembumba ngokuthe ngqo ngodongwe, bayeka ukusebenzisa ukuluka ngoqalo. Nangona kunjalo, babesathanda kakhulu iipateni zejometri zei-bamboo kunye ne-rattan, kwaye babehombisa umphezulu wepellet yodongwe ngeepateni ezixelisa ezo zebhaskithi, iingobozi, iimethi, kunye namanye amalaphu alukiweyo ngokuwaphulula phezulu kwindawo eyomileyo.
Kwi-Yin kunye ne-Shang dynasties e-China, i-bamboo kunyerattan ukuluka izibaneiipateni zaba zininzi. Kwipottery yokushicilela i-pottery yabonakala kwi-chevron pattern, ipateni yerayisi, ipateni yangasemva, i-wave wave kunye nezinye iipateni. NgeNtwasahlobo neKwindla kunye naMaXesha aMazwe alwayo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-bamboo kwandiswa, kwaye ukuluka kwe-bamboo ngokuthe ngcembe kwakhula njengobugcisa, kunye nevumba lokuhombisa leepateni zokuluka ze-bamboo liye laqina kwaye lomelela, kwaye ukuluka kuye kwacocwa ngakumbi.
Ixesha le-Waring States likwavelise umntu ozinikele kufundo lweendlela zokuluka ngoqalo, unguTaishan.
Ubuchwephesha bokuluka be-Chu ngexesha lamazwe alwayo nawo aphuhliswe kakuhle kakhulu, agrunjwa zezi: i-bamboo mat, ikhethini ye-bamboo, i-bamboo soo (okt ibhokisi ye-bamboo), ifeni ye-bamboo, ibhaskithi ye-bamboo, ibhaskithi ye-bamboo, ibhasikithi ye-bamboo njalo njalo. .
Ngexesha le-Qin kunye ne-Han dynasties, ukuthungwa kwe-bamboo kwalandela iindlela zokuluka zelizwe laseChu. Ngo-1980, abembi bezinto zakudala bethu bavumbulule kwi-Xi'an "i-Qin Ling yenqwelo yobhedu" kunye nephethini ye-chevron ephoswe ezantsi, ngokutsho kohlalutyo lweengcali, le pateni ye-chevron isekelwe kwi-bamboo elukiweyo ye-mat ephothiweyo ye-chevron pattern cast.
Ukwengeza,ukuluka ngoqaloKwakhona kwenziwa izinto zokudlala zabantwana ngamagcisa anobuchule. Umnyhadala wesibane uye wajikeleza phakathi kwabantu ukususela kwi-Tang Dynasty kwaye waziwa kakhulu kwiNgoma yeNgoma. Ezinye iindwalutho ziqesha abenzi bezibane ukuba benze izibane eziqaqambileyo. Enye yazo kukusebenzisa i-bamboo gabions ukubopha amathambo kunye nokuncamathelisa isilika okanye iphepha elinombala kwiperiphery. Ezinye zazo zazihonjiswe ngesilika elukiweyo ngoqalo.
Izibane ze-Dragon zavela kwi-202 BC kwaye zaye zidume ngakumbi ngo-960. Intloko kunye nomzimba wenamba ubukhulu becala zenziwe nge-bamboo gabions, kwaye izikali kwinamba zihlala zibotshwa ngesilika ye-bamboo.
Kukwakho ne-opera encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-"bamboo horse play". Inikezelwe phantsi ukususela kwi-Sui kunye neTang dynasties. Ukusebenza komdlalo kuhambelana nehashe, njenge "Zhaogun ngaphandle kwenqaba" kunye nokunye, abadlali bakhwela ihashe elenziwe nge-bamboo.
I-Ming Dynasty yasekuqaleni, indawo yaseJiangnan ebandakanyeka kumagcisa okuluka i-bamboo iyaqhubeka nokukhula, izulazula ezitratweni kunye neendlela zokungena kwindlu ngendlu. Iimethi zoqalo, iibhaskithi zoqalo, iibhokisi ze-bamboo zinobuchule bokuluka ngoqalo. Ingakumbi ukuluka ngoqalo yeyona nto idumileyo. I-bamboo mat yamanzi ye-Yiyang yasekwa kwi-Yuan kade kunye ne-Ming dynasties yokuqala.
Embindini we-Ming Dynasty, ukusetyenziswa kwe-bamboo weaving kwandiswa ngakumbi, ukuluka ngakumbi nangakumbi, kodwa kunye ne-lacquer kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezidityanisiweyo ukudala inani lezinto eziphezulu ze-bamboo. Okufana neebhokisi zokupeyinta zokulondoloza imizobo kunye ne-calligraphy, iibhokisi ezincinci ezingqukuva zokubamba ubucwebe, kunye neebhokisi ezinkulu ezingqukuva zokubeka ukutya.
I "brown lacquer bamboo elukiweyo ibhokisi engqukuva" yayiluhlobo loqalo olulukiweyo lwebhokisi engqukuva eyayisetyenziswa ngurhulumente kunye namathenwa kwiMing Dynasty.
Ngexesha le-Ming kunye ne-Qing dynasties, ngakumbi emva kwexesha le-Qianlong, inkqubo yokulukwa kwe-bamboo yaphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo. Iibhaskithi zebamboo zavela eJiangsu naseZhejiang.
Ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 ukuya kweyee-1930, ubugcisa bokuluka ngoqalo baphumelela kuwo wonke amazantsi eTshayina. Ubuchule bokuluka ngoqalo kunye neepateni zokuluka zagqityezelwa kwaye zidityaniswe kunye sele zingaphezu kwe-150 iintlobo zeendlela zokuluka.
Emva ko-1937, phantsi kwesithende sentsimbi somkhosi waseJapan ohlaselayo, amagcisa okuluka ngoqalo abeke izandla zawo ukuba abandakanyeke kwamanye amashishini, bambalwa amagcisa kwitempile yakudala ukuba baqhubeke nomsebenzi wokuluka ngoqalo.
Emva koloyiso lwemfazwe, ubugcisa bokwaluka ngoqalo bavuselelwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye emva kweminyaka yee-1950, ubugcisa bokuluka ngoqalo baqala ukuvunywa ngokusemthethweni njengenxalenye yoshishino lobugcisa nobugcisa, bangena kwiholo yobugcisa. Amagcisa okuluka ngoqalo oluphezulu nawo avele ngamanani amakhulu, amanye awo avavanywa kwizikhundla zobuchwephesha "zegcisa" kunye "negcisa eliphezulu". Baye bawongwa ngewonga lewonga le "Chinese Arts and Crafts Master" kunye ne "Chinese Bamboo Craft Master".
Emva kokungena kwinkulungwane yama-21, ukuluka i-bamboo ngokuthe ngcembe kwaphulukana nokhuphiswano lwemarike, kunye nezakhono zokuluka zaba “lilifa lenkcubeko elingenakuchukunyiswa”. Nangona kunjalo, maninzi amagcisa okuluka i-bamboo asaqhuba ngokungakhathali ubugcisa obutsha, kwaye imisebenzi emitsha ivela kancinci kancinci.
Imbali yophuhliso lwesibane seBamboo
Izibane ze-bamboo zihlala zibizwa ngokuba zizibane ze-bamboo eziguquguqukayo,izibane ze-bamboo zobugcisa, njl., kwaye unembali ende. Ngaphezulu kwangoko kakhulu, isibane se-bamboo sisibane nje esilula, abantu basebenzisa iimpawu ze-bamboo ukuyayenza isibane esilulaukuze abantu basebenzise. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yoyilo lwezibane ze-bamboo, ukudityaniswa kwezinto zakudala zesitayela saseTshayina, ukuze kwaqala ukunyamekela nokuthandwa ngabaninzi babathengi. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo zobugcisa, yaqala ukwaziwa kwaye iqhelene nabantu, ngakumbi uluhlu lwesibane sesibane saseTshayina, esiyimveliso yesibane sesibane esikhethwa ngabantu rhoqo.
Inkqubo yokuluka i-bamboo inokwahlulahlulwa ngokweenkqubo ezintathu: ukuqala, ukuluka kunye nokutshixa. Kwinkqubo yokuluka, indlela yokuluka kunye neyokuluka yeyona iphambili. Ngokwesiseko se-warp kunye ne-weft weaving, inokuphinda ifakwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule, ezinje: i-sarse weave, ifake, ingene, inqunyulwe, itshixe, isikhonkwane, iqhina, iseti, njl., ukwenzela ukuba iipateni ezilukiweyo zihluke. Iimveliso ezifuna ukuhambelana neminye imibala zenziwe ngamaqhekeza e-bamboo edayiwe okanye imicu ye-bamboo edityanisiweyo kunye nomnye ukuze yenze iipatheni ezahlukeneyo, eziqaqambileyo kunye nemibala.
Iimveliso ezilukiweyo ze-bamboo zisebenzisa kuphela umaleko womphezulu we-bamboo, i-fiber ixinene kakhulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, unyango olukhethekileyo, lunokumelana nokomisa, lungonakali, hayi izinambuzane, amanzi anokucocwa.
Umluko wesithethe we-bamboo unembali ende. Ukulukwa kwe-bamboo yemveli kunembali ende, etyebileyo ekukhanyeni komsebenzi onzima wabantu abasebenzayo, ubugcisa bokuluka i-bamboo bohlulwe ngokwemisebenzi yezandla yesilika kunye nezobugcisa be-bamboo yesilika. Izitayile ezahlukeneyo zeIsibane se-bamboo siyasebenzaziboniswa kwibhloko yezakhono zemveli.
Ixabiso lenkcubeko yezibane ze-bamboo
1.Ngaphantsi kwenkangeleko enomtsalane kukho inkcubeko enzulu yokulukwa kwe-bamboo: umanyano lwezulu kunye nomntu kwingcamango yendalo.
2. bambooisibane esilukiweyoi-craft ukusuka ekukhethweni kwezinto zokusebenza ukuya kwinkqubo yokulungiselela, inkqubo nganye kufuneka ichaneke ngokungqongqo, ixesha lokuqokelela i-bamboo ngokungafanelekanga lithambekele kwizinambuzane okanye i-bamboo egundileyo, ukhetho lobudala lwe-bamboo lumisela ukuguquguquka kwe-bamboo, ngaloo ndlela kumisela ubunzima bokulungiswa kwe-bamboo.Isibane esilukiweyo se-XINSANXING bambookunye nenqanaba lobuhle.
3. bambooisibane esilukiweyoUkukhethwa kwezinto zexesha lonyaka, ummandla, inkqubo yemveli yokuvelisa i-bamboo ephothiweyo, umgangatho wemveliso ekugqibeleni umisela isibane sesibane se-bamboowoven nokuba izinto zihle kwaye zihlakaniphile. Nangona i-bamboo weave yemveli ayithathwa njengomangaliso, kodwa ibonakalisa ngakumbi ingcamango yesiNtu yaseTshayina yokudala "ubunye bomntu kunye nendalo" igxininiswe yingcamango yemvisiswano kunye neenkcubeko zesintu kunye nendalo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-25-2021