Mwisi irushanwa yo gutanga amasoko ya B2B, kwemeza ubuziranenge numutekano byakumurika hanzeibicuruzwa ni ingenzi kubatanga n'abaguzi. Amatara yo hanze yujuje ubuziranenge ntabwo agaragaza gusa isosiyete yiyemeje kuba indashyikirwa ahubwo ni n'ingenzi mu kuramba igihe kirekire, kunyurwa kw'abakiriya, no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga. Kugirango ufate ibyemezo byubuguzi byuzuye, ubucuruzi bugomba kumenya ibipimo ngenderwaho bijyanye nubuziranenge.
1. Impamvu ubuziranenge bufite akamaro mugutanga amasoko ya B2B
Ibipimo ngenderwaho bikora nk'ibipimo byerekana ko ibicuruzwa bimurika hanze byujuje ibisabwa bijyanye n'umutekano, kuramba, gukoresha ingufu, n'ingaruka ku bidukikije. Ku baguzi B2B, gukurikiza aya mahame ni ngombwa kuri:
·Guharanira umutekano n'imikorere: Kubahiriza amabwiriza yumutekano bifasha kwirinda imikorere mibi yibicuruzwa nibishobora guteza ingaruka hanze.
·Ibisobanuro byumushingas: Ibigo byubwubatsi, abashushanya, naba rwiyemezamirimo akenshi bakora mubuyobozi bukomeye, kandi ibicuruzwa bigomba guhuza nibi bipimo.
·Kugabanya amafaranga yo kubungabunga: Itara ryujuje ubuziranenge rigabanya gusana no gusimburwa, biganisha ku gukora neza mu gihe kirekire.
·Kuzamura izina: Amasoko ava mubakora yubahiriza cyane ibipimo bishimangira ikizere mubwiza bwibicuruzwa no kwizerwa.
2. Icyemezo cyingenzi cyo kumurika hanze
Abaguzi B2B bagomba kumenya ibyemezo bitandukanye byemeza ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga cyangwa akarere. Hano hari bimwe mubyemezo bizwi:
Icyemezo cya CE (Conformité Européenne)
Ikimenyetso cya CE ni itegeko kubicuruzwa bigurishwa mu karere k’ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EEA). Irerekana ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU) umutekano, ubuzima, n’ibidukikije. Kumurika hanze, ibi birimo:
Umutekano w'amashanyarazi
Guhuza amashanyarazi
Gukoresha ingufu
Icyemezo cya UL (Laboratoire zandika)
Icyemezo cya UL kizwi cyane muri Amerika na Kanada. Ibicuruzwa bifite ikimenyetso cya UL bipimishwa kumutekano no gukora, byemeza ko byubahiriza ibipimo by’umutekano w’amashanyarazi muri Amerika ya Ruguru. Harimo ibizamini bikomeye kuri:
Ibyago byumuriro
Kwirinda amashanyarazi
Kuramba mubihe byo hanze
ROHS (Kubuza ibintu bishobora guteza akaga)
Amabwiriza ya ROHS abuza gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye bishobora guteza akaga, nk'isasu na mercure, mu bicuruzwa by'amashanyarazi na elegitoroniki. ROHS kubahiriza ni ngombwa kubaguzi bangiza ibidukikije kandi ifasha ubucuruzi guhuza intego ziterambere rirambye kwisi.
Igipimo cya IP (Igipimo cyo Kurinda Ingress)
Amatara yo hanze agomba kurwanya umukungugu, ubushuhe, nikirere. Sisitemu ya IP ikoreshwa mugutondekanya urwego rwo kurinda ibintu bitangwa. Kurugero, urumuri rwa IP65 rufite umukungugu kandi urinzwe nindege zamazi, bigatuma bikoreshwa hanze. Gusobanukirwa IP amanota bifasha abaguzi guhitamo amatara ashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije aho umushinga wabo uherereye.
Icyemezo cy'inyenyeri
Ingufu Inyenyeri ni gahunda yo kwemeza ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu. Amatara yujuje ubuziranenge bwinyenyeri ikoresha ingufu nke, bityo igabanya ibiciro byingufu. Iki cyemezo ni ingenzi cyane kubucuruzi bushakisha ibisubizo birambye bimurika byubahiriza amabwiriza y’ibidukikije.
3. Imikorere nubuziranenge burambye
inkoko guhitamo amatara yo hanze, abaguzi B2B bagomba kwibanda kuramba hamwe nibikorwa bijyanye. Ibidukikije byo hanze byerekana amatara yibintu bitandukanye, harimo ubushyuhe bukabije, imvura, nimirasire ya UV. Ibintu by'ingenzi bikora birimo:
·Kurwanya ruswa: Ibikoresho nka aluminium nicyuma bidafite ingese akenshi byujuje ubuziranenge bwo kurwanya ruswa, byongerera igihe cyo kumurika hanze.
·UV Kurwanya: Imyenda irwanya UV irinda ibikoresho byo kumurika kutangirika no kwangirika biterwa no kumara igihe kinini izuba.
·Ingaruka zo Kurwanya: Kubice bikunze kwangirika kumubiri cyangwa kwangiza, abaguzi bagomba gushakisha amatara afite imbaraga nyinshi zo guhangana ningaruka, nkibipimo bya IK (kurinda ingaruka).
4. Impamyabumenyi Ibidukikije no Kuramba
Nkuko kuramba bihinduka intego yibanze kubucuruzi bwinshi, ibyemezo byibidukikije biragenda bifatika. Abaguzi bagomba gushaka ibicuruzwa bifite ibyemezo byerekana ubushake bwo kuramba no kubungabunga ibidukikije.
LEED (Ubuyobozi mu mbaraga no gushushanya ibidukikije)
Icyemezo cya LEED gihabwa inyubako zikoresha ingufu kandi zangiza ibidukikije. Nubwo LEED isuzuma cyane cyane inyubako zose, itara ryo hanze rigira uruhare mu kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije rishobora gushyigikira ingingo za LEED.
Icyemezo cya ISO 14001
Iri hame mpuzamahanga ryerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho bya sisitemu yo gucunga neza ibidukikije (EMS). Abakora inganda bagera kuri ISO 14001 bagaragaza icyemezo cyabo cyo kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije, bakemeza ko ibicuruzwa byakozwe mu buryo bwangiza ibidukikije.
5. Kugenzura iyubahirizwa ryamasoko ya B2B
Ku baguzi mu mwanya wa B2B, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byo kumurika hanze bagura byubahiriza ibipimo byemewe. Ibi birashobora gukorwa na:
·Gusaba ibyangombwa: Buri gihe saba ibyangombwa byemezo kubabikora cyangwa abatanga ibicuruzwa kugirango barebe niba byubahirizwa.
·Raporo y'Ikizamini: Imishinga imwe irashobora gusaba ibizamini byinyongera, baza rero raporo yo kugerageza ibicuruzwa kugirango umenye neza ko itara ryujuje imikorere nibisabwa byumutekano.
·Gusura urubuga no kugenzura: Mu mishinga minini cyangwa ikomeye, birashobora kuba ingirakamaro gukora gusura urubuga cyangwa ubugenzuzi bwabandi bantu kugirango harebwe uburyo bwo gukora ningamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge.
6. Uruhare rwo kwihindura mubipimo byinama
Kubakiriya benshi B2B, kwihitiramo nibyingenzi kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byihariye. Ababikora bagomba guhinduka mugutanga ibishushanyo mbonera mugihe ibicuruzwa byose byahinduwe bikomeza kubahiriza ibyemezo bisabwa. Haba guhuza ibipimo bya IP, guhindura imikorere yingufu, cyangwa gutanga ibikoresho byihariye, ibisubizo byumucyo bigomba gukomeza kubahiriza ibipimo ngenderwaho byose bijyanye.
Ibipimo byiza hamwe nimpamyabumenyi nibyingenzi mugutanga B2B kumuri hanze. Mugusobanukirwa no gushyira imbere ibyemezo nka CE, UL, ROHS, amanota ya IP, hamwe na Star Star, ubucuruzi bushobora kwemeza ko butanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge, umutekano, kandi biramba. Kurenga kubahiriza, abaguzi bagomba gutekereza kubikorwa hamwe nicyemezo cyibidukikije kugirango bashyigikire igihe kirekire cyo kuzigama, kuramba, nintego zirambye. Ku isoko rigenda rihiganwa, guhitamo ibicuruzwa byemejwe byongera umusaruro wumushinga kandi bishimangira umubano wubucuruzi, bishimangira ikizere mubicuruzwa nuwabitanze.
Ubu bumenyi ntabwo butanga gusa uburyo bwiza bwo gutanga amasoko ahubwo binahuza niterambere ryiterambere ryinganda nibisabwa kwisi yose.
Niba uri mubucuruzi, Urashobora Gukunda
Saba gusoma
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-20-2024