Ndi kukula kwachangu kwa msika wa nyali za LED, chiphaso chazinthu chakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakulowa msika wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Chitsimikizo cha kuyatsa kwa LED chimaphatikizapo malamulo ndi miyezo yomwe yapangidwiraKuwala kwa LEDmankhwala kutsatira. Nyali yotsimikiziridwa ya LED imasonyeza kuti yadutsa njira zonse zopangira, kupanga, chitetezo ndi malonda a makampani owunikira. Izi ndizofunikira kwa opanga nyali za LED ndi ogulitsa kunja. Nkhaniyi ipereka chitsogozo chatsatanetsatane cha ziphaso zomwe zimafunikira nyali za LED m'misika yosiyanasiyana.
Kufunika kwa Chitsimikizo cha Kuwala kwa LED
Padziko lonse lapansi, mayiko aika patsogolo zofunikira pachitetezo, magwiridwe antchito komanso kuteteza chilengedwe cha nyali za LED. Pakulandira ziphaso, sikuti mtundu ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zitha kutsimikiziridwa, komanso mwayi wawo wamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Izi ndi zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zopangira chiphaso cha nyali ya LED:
1. Tsimikizani chitetezo cha mankhwala
Nyali za LED zimagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje osiyanasiyana monga magetsi, kuwala ndi kutentha pamene akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chitsimikizo chimatha kuwonetsetsa chitetezo chazinthu pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikupewa zinthu zoopsa monga mabwalo amfupi komanso kutenthedwa.
2. Kukwaniritsa zofunikira zopezera msika
Mayiko ndi madera osiyanasiyana ali ndi milingo yawoyawo yazogulitsa ndi zofunikira zawo. Kupyolera mu ziphaso, malonda amatha kulowa mumsika womwe akufuna ndikupewa kutsekeredwa m'ndende kapena chindapusa chifukwa chosatsatira zofunikira.
3. Wonjezerani mbiri ya mtundu wanu
Chitsimikizo ndi umboni wamtundu wazinthu. Nyali za LED zomwe zapeza ziphaso zapadziko lonse lapansi zimakhala ndi mwayi wopeza chidaliro cha ogula ndi makasitomala amalonda, potero zimakulitsa kuzindikira kwamtundu komanso kupikisana pamsika.
Mitundu Yodziwika Yowunikira Kuwala kwa LED
1. Chitsimikizo cha CE (EU)
Chitsimikizo cha CE ndi "pasipoti" yolowera msika wa EU. EU ili ndi zofunikira zokhwima pachitetezo, thanzi komanso chitetezo cha chilengedwe cha zinthu zomwe zimachokera kunja. Chizindikiro cha CE chimatsimikizira kuti chinthucho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zamalangizo ofanana ndi EU.
Miyezo yogwiritsiridwa ntchito: Miyezo ya chiphaso cha CE pamagetsi a LED makamaka ndi Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) ndi Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC 2014/30/EU).
Zofunikira: Ndikofunikira ku msika wa EU. Zogulitsa zopanda satifiketi ya CE sizingagulitsidwe mwalamulo.
2. Chitsimikizo cha RoHS (EU)
Satifiketi ya RoHS imayang'anira makamaka zinthu zovulaza muzinthu zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, kuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi a LED alibe mankhwala owopsa monga lead, mercury, cadmium, ndi zina zambiri zomwe zimadutsa malire omwe atchulidwa.
Miyezo yovomerezeka: RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) imaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovulaza.
Kutsogolera (Pb)
Mercury (Hg)
Cadmium (Cd)
Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+)
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
Zofunikira pachitetezo cha chilengedwe: Chitsimikizochi chikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi zoteteza chilengedwe, kuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe, komanso kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa chithunzi cha mtunduwo.
3. Chitsimikizo cha UL (USA)
Chitsimikizo cha UL chimayesedwa ndikuperekedwa ndi Underwriters Laboratories ku United States kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha malonda ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi a LED sangayambitse mavuto amagetsi kapena moto pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Miyezo yovomerezeka: UL 8750 (muyezo wa zida za LED).
Zofunikira: Ngakhale satifiketi ya UL siyokakamizidwa ku United States, kupeza chiphasochi kumathandiza kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano ndi kukhulupirika kwazinthu pamsika waku US.
4. Chitsimikizo cha FCC (USA)
Satifiketi ya FCC (Federal Communications Commission) imagwira ntchito pazinthu zonse zamagetsi zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ma electromagnetic wave emission, kuphatikiza magetsi a LED. Chitsimikizochi chimatsimikizira kugwirizana kwamagetsi kwa chinthucho ndipo sichimasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a zida zina zamagetsi.
Muyezo wogwiritsidwa ntchito: FCC Gawo 15.
Zofunikira: Nyali za LED zogulitsidwa ku United States ziyenera kukhala zovomerezeka ndi FCC, makamaka nyali za LED zokhala ndi dimming.
5. Chitsimikizo cha Energy Star (USA)
Energy Star ndi satifiketi yogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi yomwe imalimbikitsidwa limodzi ndi US Environmental Protection Agency ndi dipatimenti yazamagetsi, makamaka pazinthu zopulumutsa mphamvu. Magetsi a LED omwe apeza chiphaso cha Energy Star amatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kupulumutsa mtengo wamagetsi, ndikukhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki.
Miyezo yovomerezeka: Energy Star SSL V2.1 muyezo.
Ubwino wamsika: Zogulitsa zomwe zadutsa chiphaso cha Energy Star ndizowoneka bwino pamsika chifukwa ogula amakonda kugula zinthu zopanda mphamvu.
6. Chitsimikizo cha CCC (China)
CCC (China Compulsory Certification) ndi chiphaso chokakamiza pamsika waku China, chomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwonetsetsa chitetezo, kutsata komanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Zinthu zonse zamagetsi zomwe zimalowa mumsika waku China, kuphatikiza nyali za LED, ziyenera kudutsa chiphaso cha CCC.
Miyezo yovomerezeka: GB7000.1-2015 ndi miyezo ina.
Zofunikira: Zogulitsa zomwe sizinapeze chiphaso cha CCC sizingagulitsidwe pamsika waku China ndipo zitha kukhala ndi mlandu.
7. Satifiketi ya SAA (Australia)
Satifiketi ya SAA ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka ku Australia chachitetezo cha zinthu zamagetsi. Magetsi a LED omwe adapeza satifiketi ya SAA amatha kulowa msika waku Australia mwalamulo.
Miyezo yogwiritsidwa ntchito: AS/NZS 60598 muyezo.
8. Chitsimikizo cha PSE (Japan)
PSE ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka chachitetezo ku Japan pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi monga magetsi a LED. JET Corporation imapereka chiphasochi molingana ndi lamulo la Japan Electrical Products Safety Law (DENAN Law).
Kuphatikiza apo, chiphasochi ndi cha zida zamagetsi monga magetsi a LED kuti zitsimikizire mtundu wawo motsatira mfundo zachitetezo cha ku Japan. Kachitidwe ka certification kumaphatikizapo kuwunika mozama ndikuwunika kwa nyali za LED kuti muwone momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso chitetezo.
9. Chitsimikizo cha CSA (Canada)
Satifiketi ya CSA imaperekedwa ndi Canadian Standards Association, bungwe loyang'anira ku Canada. Bungwe loyang'anira lodziwika padziko lonse lapansili limakhazikika pakuyesa kwazinthu ndikukhazikitsa miyezo yamakampani.
Kuphatikiza apo, certification ya CSA si njira yoyendetsera magetsi kuti magetsi a LED akhalebe ndi moyo pamsika, koma opanga amatha kuwunika mwakufuna kwawo magetsi awo a LED kuti atsimikizire kuti akukwaniritsa miyezo yachitetezo chamakampani. Chitsimikizochi chikhoza kuonjezera kukhulupirika kwa nyali za LED pamakampani.
10. ERP (EU)
Chitsimikizo cha ErP ndiwonso mulingo wokhazikitsidwa ndi European Union pazowunikira zotulutsa ma diode. Kuphatikiza apo, satifiketi iyi idapangidwa makamaka kuti ilimbikitse kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe komanso mphamvu zamagetsi pakupanga ndi kupanga zinthu zonse zowononga mphamvu, monga nyali za LED. Lamulo la ErP limakhazikitsa miyezo yofunikira yogwirira ntchito kuti nyali za LED zikhalebe ndi moyo pamsika.
11. GS
Chitsimikizo cha GS ndi chiphaso chachitetezo. Chitsimikizo cha GS ndi chiphaso chodziwika bwino chachitetezo cha nyali za LED m'maiko aku Europe monga Germany. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi njira yodziyimira yodziyimira payokha yomwe imatsimikizira kuti nyali za LED ziyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo ndi zofunikira zamakampani.
Nyali ya LED yokhala ndi certification ya GS imasonyeza kuti yayesedwa ndipo ikugwirizana ndi malangizo ndi malamulo otetezeka. Zimatsimikizira kuti kuwala kwa LED kwadutsa gawo lowunika mozama ndipo kumagwirizana ndi zofunikira zachitetezo. Satifiketiyi imakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana zachitetezo monga kukhazikika kwamakina, chitetezo chamagetsi, komanso chitetezo ku moto, kutentha kwambiri, ndi kugwedezeka kwamagetsi.
12. VDE
Satifiketi ya VDE ndiye chiphaso chodziwika bwino komanso chodziwika bwino cha nyali za LED. Satifiketiyo ikugogomezera kuti kuwala kwa LED kumagwirizana ndi malamulo amtundu ndi chitetezo cha mayiko aku Europe, kuphatikiza Germany. VDE ndi bungwe lodziyimira palokha lomwe limayesa ndikupereka ziphaso zazinthu zamagetsi ndi zowunikira.
Kuphatikiza apo, nyali za LED zotsimikiziridwa ndi VDE zimawunikiridwa mozama ndikuyesa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikukwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba, magwiridwe antchito, ndi chitetezo.
13. BS
Chitsimikizo cha BS ndi satifiketi ya nyali za LED zoperekedwa ndi BSI. Satifiketi iyi ndi yogwirizana ndi Miyezo ya ku Britain yokhudza magwiridwe antchito, chitetezo ndi mtundu wa kuyatsa ku United Kingdom. Satifiketi ya BS iyi imakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana za nyali za LED monga kukhudza chilengedwe, chitetezo chamagetsi ndi miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito.
Chitsimikizo cha kuwala kwa LED sikungolepheretsa kulowa kwa zinthu kuti zilowe mumsika, komanso chitsimikizo cha khalidwe lazogulitsa ndi chitetezo. Mayiko ndi madera osiyanasiyana ali ndi zofunikira zosiyana za certification za nyali za LED. Popanga ndi kugulitsa zinthu, opanga ayenera kusankha ziphaso zoyenera kutengera malamulo ndi miyezo ya msika womwe akufuna. Pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi, kupeza ziphaso sikumangothandiza kutsata kwazinthu, komanso kumapangitsanso kupikisana kwazinthu ndi mbiri yamtundu, ndikuyika maziko olimba a chitukuko chanthawi yayitali cha kampani.
Ndibwino Kuwerenga
Ngati Muli mu Bizinesi, Mutha Kukonda
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-07-2024