Me ka ulu wikiwiki o ka mākeke kukui LED, ua lilo ka palapala hōʻoia i kekahi o nā kumu nui i ke komo ʻana i ka mākeke honua.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia kukui LED i kahi hoʻonohonoho o nā lula a me nā kūlana i hoʻolālā ʻia nokukui LEDnā huahana e hoʻokō me. Hōʻike ʻia kahi kukui LED i hōʻoia ʻia ua hala i ka hoʻolālā, hana, palekana a me nā kūlana kūʻai aku o ka ʻoihana kukui. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no nā mea hana kukui LED a me nā mea kūʻai aku. E hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī i nā palapala hōʻoia i koi ʻia no nā kukui LED ma nā mākeke like ʻole.
Pono o LED Light Certification
I ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ua kau nā ʻāina i nā koi koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka palekana, ka hana a me ka pale ʻana i ke kaiapuni o nā kukui LED. Ma ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia wale i ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana o nā huahana, akā i ko lākou komo ʻana i ka mākeke honua.
Eia kekahi mau kumu nui no ka hōʻoia ʻana o ke kukui LED:
1. E hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka huahana
Hoʻopili nā kukui LED i nā ʻenehana like ʻole e like me ka uila, optical a me ka wela wela i ka wā e hoʻohana ai. Hiki i ka palapala hōʻoia ke hōʻoia i ka palekana o nā huahana i ka wā e hoʻohana ai a pale i nā kūlana pōʻino e like me nā pōkole pōkole a me ka wela.
2. E hoʻokō i nā koi komo mākeke
Loaʻa i nā ʻāina like ʻole a me nā ʻāina i kā lākou huahana ponoʻī a me nā koi hoʻoponopono. Ma o ka hōʻoia ʻana, hiki i nā huahana ke komo mālie i ka mākeke pahuhopu a pale aku i ka paʻa ʻana a i ʻole nā uku ma muli o ka hoʻokō ʻole ʻana i nā koi.
3. Hoʻonui i ka inoa inoa
ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia he hōʻoia o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. ʻO nā kukui LED i loaʻa i ka palapala hōʻoia honua e ʻoi aku ka lanakila o ka hilinaʻi o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā mea kūʻai aku kālepa, e hoʻonui ai i ka ʻike brand a me ka hoʻokūkū mākeke.
Nā ʻano hōʻoia kukui LED maʻamau
1. Palapala hōʻoia CE (EU)
ʻO ka hōʻoia CE ka "passport" e komo i ka mākeke EU. He koi koʻikoʻi ka EU no ka palekana, ke olakino a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni o nā huahana i lawe ʻia mai. Hōʻike ka māka CE e hoʻokō ka huahana i nā koi kumu o nā kuhikuhi EU pili.
Nā kūlana kūpono: ʻO nā kūlana no ka hōʻoia CE no nā kukui LED ʻo ia ka Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) a me ka Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC 2014/30/EU).
Pono: He koi koi ia o ka mākeke EU. ʻAʻole hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā huahana me ka ʻole o ka palapala CE.
2. Hōʻoia RoHS (EU)
ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia ʻo RoHS ka mea nui e hoʻomalu i nā mea ʻino i nā huahana uila a me nā uila, e hōʻoia ana ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā kukui LED i nā kemika ʻino e like me ke alakaʻi, mercury, cadmium, etc.
Nā kūlana kūpono: RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) kaohi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻino.
Ke kēpau (Pb)
Mercury (Hg)
Cadmium (Cd)
Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+)
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
Nā koi palekana kaiapuni: ʻO kēia palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni honua, e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaiapuni, a he hopena maikaʻi i ke kiʻi brand.
3. Palapala UL (USA)
Hoʻāʻo ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia UL a hoʻopuka ʻia e Underwriters Laboratories ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka huahana a hōʻoia i nā kukui LED ʻaʻole e hoʻokau i nā pilikia uila a i ʻole ke ahi i ka wā hoʻohana.
Nā kūlana kūpono: UL 8750 (maʻamau no nā mea LED).
Pono: ʻOiai ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia UL ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia palapala hōʻoia e kōkua i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hoʻokūkū a me ka hilinaʻi o nā huahana ma ka mākeke US.
4. Hōʻoia FCC (USA)
Hoʻopili ka FCC (Federal Communications Commission) i nā huahana uila āpau e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka hawewe electromagnetic, me nā kukui LED. ʻO kēia palapala hōʻoia e hōʻoia i ka hoʻohālikelike electromagnetic o ka huahana a ʻaʻole hoʻopilikia i ka hana maʻamau o nā mea uila ʻē aʻe.
Kūlana kūpono: FCC Māhele 15.
Pono: Pono nā kukui LED i kūʻai ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hōʻoia ʻia ʻo FCC, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kukui LED me ka hana dimming.
5. Hōkū Hōkū Energy (USA)
ʻO Energy Star kahi palapala hōʻoia ikehu e hoʻolaha pū ʻia e ka US Environmental Protection Agency a me ka Department of Energy, no nā huahana mālama ikehu. ʻO nā kukui LED i loaʻa i ka hōʻoia Energy Star hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu, mālama i nā kumukūʻai uila, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola.
Nā kūlana kūpono: Energy Star SSL V2.1 standard.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mākeke: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā huahana i hala i ka hōʻoia ʻana o Energy Star ma ka mākeke no ka mea ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā mea kūʻai aku e kūʻai aku i nā huahana ikaika.
6. Palapala hōʻoia CCC (Kina)
ʻO ka CCC (China Compulsory Certification) he palapala koi koi no ka mākeke Kina, kahi e manaʻo ai e hōʻoia i ka palekana, ka hoʻokō a me ka palekana o nā huahana. ʻO nā huahana uila āpau e komo ana i ka mākeke Kina, me nā kukui LED, pono e hele i ka palapala CCC.
Nā kūlana kūpono: GB7000.1-2015 a me nā kūlana'ē aʻe.
Pono: ʻAʻole hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā huahana i loaʻa ʻole i ka palapala CCC ma ka mākeke Kina a e kū i ke kuleana kānāwai.
7. SAA palapala hōʻoia (Australia)
ʻO ka palapala SAA he palapala koi ma Australia no ka palekana o nā huahana uila. ʻO nā kukui LED i loaʻa ka palapala SAA hiki ke komo i ke kānāwai ma ka mākeke Australia.
Nā kūlana kūpono: AS/NZS 60598 maʻamau.
8. Palapala PSE (Iapana)
ʻO ka PSE kahi hōʻoia hoʻoponopono palekana i Iapana no nā huahana uila e like me nā kukui LED. Hoʻopuka ʻo JET Corporation i kēia palapala hōʻoia e like me ka Japanese Electrical Products Safety Law (DENAN Law).
Eia kekahi, pili pono kēia palapala hōʻoia no nā mea uila e like me nā kukui LED e hōʻoia i ko lākou maikaʻi e like me nā kūlana palekana Iapana. ʻO ke kaʻina hana hōʻoia e pili ana i ka loiloi koʻikoʻi a me ka loiloi o nā kukui LED e ana i kā lākou hana a me nā palena palekana.
9. CSA Certification (Kanada)
Hāʻawi ʻia ka palapala hōʻoia CSA e ka Canadian Standards Association, kahi kino hoʻoponopono Kanada. ʻO kēia kino hoʻoponopono i ʻike ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa i ka hoʻāʻo huahana a hoʻonohonoho i nā kūlana huahana ʻoihana.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka CSA hōʻoia ʻaʻole ia he ʻōnaehana hoʻoponopono pono no nā kukui LED e ola i ka ʻoihana, akā hiki i nā mea hana ke loiloi i kā lākou mau kukui LED e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana palekana o ka ʻoihana. Hiki i kēia palapala hōʻoia ke hoʻonui i ka hilinaʻi o nā kukui LED i ka ʻoihana.
10. ERP (EU)
ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia ʻo ErP kahi kūlana hoʻoponopono i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka European Union no nā huahana kukui diode light-emitting. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia kēia palapala hōʻoia e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kaiapuni a me ka ikaika o ka ikehu i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me nā pae hana o nā huahana pau ʻana i ka ikehu, e like me nā kukui LED. Hoʻonohonoho ka hoʻoponopono ErP i nā kūlana hana pono no nā kukui LED e ola i ka ʻoihana.
11. GS
ʻO ka hōʻoia GS kahi hōʻoia palekana. ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia GS kahi hōʻoia palekana kaulana no nā kukui LED ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa e like me Kelemānia. Eia kekahi, he ʻōnaehana hōʻoia hoʻoponopono kūʻokoʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā kukui LED e hoʻokō i nā kūlana ʻoihana a me nā koi.
ʻO kahi kukui LED me ka palapala hōʻoia GS e hōʻike ana ua hoʻāʻo ʻia a hoʻokō i nā alakaʻi palekana a me nā lula. Hōʻike ia ua hele ka kukui LED ma kahi papa loiloi koʻikoʻi a hoʻokō i nā kūlana palekana pono. Hoʻopili ka palapala hōʻoia i nā ʻano palekana like ʻole e like me ka mechanical stability, ka palekana uila, a me ka pale ʻana i ke ahi, overheating, a me ka haʻalulu uila.
12. VDE
ʻO ka palapala VDE ka mea hanohano a kaulana loa no nā kukui LED. Hoʻomaopopo ka palapala hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ke kukui LED i ka maikaʻi a me nā lula palekana o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, me Kelemania. He kino hoʻoponopono kūʻokoʻa ʻo VDE e loiloi a hoʻopuka i nā palapala hōʻoia no nā huahana uila a me nā kukui.
Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa nā kukui LED i hōʻoia ʻia e VDE i kahi loiloi koʻikoʻi a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ka hana, a me nā kūlana palekana.
13. BS
ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia BS kahi palapala no nā kukui LED i hoʻopuka ʻia e BSI. ʻO kēia palapala hōʻoia no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā British Standards no ka hana, palekana a me ka maikaʻi o ke kukui ma United Kingdom. Hoʻopili kēia palapala BS i nā mea kukui LED like ʻole e like me ka hopena o ke kaiapuni, ka palekana uila a me nā kūlana noi.
ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā kukui LED ʻaʻole ia he pale i ke komo ʻana i nā huahana e komo i ka mākeke, akā he hōʻoiaʻiʻo nō hoʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a me ka palekana. Loaʻa i nā ʻāina like ʻole a me nā ʻāina nā koi hōʻoia like ʻole no nā kukui LED. I ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā huahana, pono nā mea hana e koho i ka palapala hōʻoia kūpono e pili ana i nā kānāwai a me nā kūlana o ka mākeke. I ka mākeke honua, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia ʻaʻole kōkua wale i ka hoʻokō huahana, akā hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ka hoʻokūkū huahana a me ka inoa inoa inoa, e kau ana i kahi kumu paʻa no ka hoʻomohala lōʻihi o ka ʻoihana.
Manaʻo Heluhelu
Inā ʻoe i ka ʻoihana, makemake paha ʻoe
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-07-2024